Muna 2017, kambani yeAustin-yakavakirwa kugadzira uye manejimendi inonzi Exurbia Films yakafungidzira kutonga kwekodzero ye1974 cult horror classic The Texas Chainsaw Massacre.

"Basa rangu raive rekutipinza muChainsaw 2.0," anodaro Pat Cassidy, mugadziri uye mumiririri weExurbia.“Vakomana vekutanga vakaita basa guru rekutonga kodzero asi vasiri verudzi rweinternet.Vanga vasina Facebook."

Exurbia yaive neziso rekuvandudza iyo Franchise uye muna 2018 yakarova zvibvumirano zveTV akatevedzana uye akati wandei mafirimu akavakirwa pairi firimu rekutanga, ese ari mukuvandudzwa neLegendary Pictures.Iri zvakare kugadzira Texas Chainsaw Massacre graphic novels, barbecue sosi, uye zvigadzirwa zveruzivo zvakaita semakamuri ekupukunyuka uye dzimba dzakashanyirwa.

Rimwe basa raExurbia rakaratidza kuoma zvakanyanya: kutonga zviratidzo zveChainsaw nekodzero, kusanganisira zita remufirimu, mifananidzo, uye kodzero kumunhu akashata, Leatherface.

Mushandi weindasitiri David Imhoff, uyo akakwereta marezinesi eChainsaw akamiririra munyori wefirimu, Kim Henkel, nevamwe kubva kuma1990s, akaudza Cassidy nemumwe mumiriri weExurbia, Daniel Sahad, kuti vagadzirire mafashama ezvinhu zvemanyepo."Ichi chiratidzo chekuti unofarirwa," Imhoff anodaro mubvunzurudzo.

Imhoff akanongedza Exurbia kune hofori dze ecommerce dzakaita seEtsy, eBay, neAmazon, uko vatengesi vakazvimiririra vakabira zvinhu zvisina mvumo zveChainsaw.MaBrand anofanirwa kusimbisa zviratidzo zvavo, saka Sahad akazvipira yakawanda yenguva yake kuita basa iro masangano makuru anowanzo govera kuzvikwata zvepamutemo: kutsvaga uye kushuma kugogodza.Exurbia yakaisa zviziviso zvinopfuura makumi mashanu neBay, kupfuura makumi manomwe neshanu neAmazon, uye anopfuura mazana mashanu neEtsy, ichikumbira masayiti kuti abvise zvinhu zvinotyora maChainsaw trademark.Nzvimbo idzi dzakabvisa zvinhu zvinotyora mukati mevhiki kana zvakadaro;asi kana imwe dhizaini yakabuda, Exurbia yaifanira kuiwana, yonyora, uye isa chimwe chiziviso.

Imhoff akazivisawo Cassidy naSahad nezvezita risinganyanyozivikanwa: kambani yekuAustralia inonzi Redbubble, kwaakange amboisa zviziviso zvekutyora mutemo panzvimbo yaChainsaw kutanga muna 2013. Nekufamba kwenguva, dambudziko rakawedzera kuipa: Sahad akatumira zviziviso zvekubvisa 649 kuRedbubble nerutsigiro rwayo. Teepublic muna 2019. Iwo masaiti akabvisa zvinhu, asi zvitsva zvakabuda.

Zvino, muna Nyamavhuvhu, Halloween ichiswedera — mwaka weKisimusi wekutengesa zvinhu zvinotyisa — shamwari dzakatumira Cassidy mameseji, dzichimuudza kuti dzainge dzaona mafungu matsva eChainsaw madhizaini ari kutengeswa pamhepo, achinyanya kutengeswa kuburikidza neFacebook ne Instagram ads.

Imwe shambadziro yakatungamira Cassidy kune webhusaiti inonzi Dzeetee.com, iyo yaakatsvaga kune kambani yaasina kumbonzwa nezvayo, TeeChip.Akatsvaga mamwe ads kune mamwe mawebhusaiti anotengesa asina rezinesi Chainsaw zvinhu, zvakare zvakabatana neTeeChip.Mumavhiki mashoma, Cassidy anoti, akawana makambani akati wandei akafanana, rimwe nerimwe richitsigira makumi, mazana, dzimwe nguva zviuru zvezvitoro.Zvinyorwa uye kushambadza kubva kumapoka eFacebook akabatana nemakambani aya aishambadzira knockoff Chainsaw merch.

Cassidy akarohwa nehana.“Yakanga yakakura kupfuura zvataifunga,” anodaro.“Idzi dzainge dzisiri masaiti gumi chete.Paiva nechiuru chazvo.”(Cassidy nemunyori vanga vari shamwari kwemakore makumi maviri.)

Makambani akaita seTeeChip anozivikanwa sezvitoro zvinodhinda-pa-zvinoda.Vanobvumira vashandisi kurodha uye kugadzira zvigadzirwa;apo mutengi anoisa odha—ngati, nokuda kweT-shirt—kambani inoronga kudhinda, kunowanzoitwa mumba, uye chinhu chacho chinotumirwa kumutengi.Iyo tekinoroji inopa chero munhu ane zano uye neinternet yekubatanidza kugona kuita mari yekugadzira kwavo uye kutanga tambo yekutengeserana yepasirese isina pamusoro, pasina hedheni, uye pasina njodzi.

Heino rub: Varidzi vekodzero uye zviratidzo zvekutengeserana vanoti nekubvumira chero munhu kuti aise chero dhizaini, makambani anodhinda-pa-anoda anoita kuti zvive nyore kutyora kodzero dzavo dzepfuma.Vanoti zvitoro zvinodhinda-pa-zvinoda zvakabvisa makumi, pamwe mazana, emamiriyoni emadhora pagore mukutengesa kusingabvumirwe, zvichiita kuti zvisaite kudzora mashandisirwo emidziyo yavo kana kuti ndiani anowana purofiti kubva pazviri.

Kukura kuri kuputika kwehunyanzvi hwekudhinda-pane-kudiwa kuri kupokana chinyararire mitemo yemakumi emakore ekare inotonga kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwekuziva painternet.Mutemo wa1998 unonzi Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) unodzivirira mapuratifomu epamhepo kubva pamhosva yekutyorwa kwekodzero yekungotambira zvemukati zvakaiswa mushandisi.Izvi zvinoreva kuti vane kodzero vanowanzo kumbira mapuratifomu kubvisa chinhu chimwe nechimwe chavanotenda kuti chinokanganisa pfuma yavo.Uyezve, makambani anodhinda-pa-anoda anowanzo shandura-kana kubatsira kushandura-mafaira edhijitari kuita zvigadzirwa zvemuviri seT-shirts nemakofi ekofi.Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoti dzinodziisa munzvimbo yepamutemo grey.Uye iyo DMCA haishande kune trademarks, iyo inovhara mazita, mazwi mamakisi, uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvevaridzi, senge Nike swoosh.

Screenshot yakatorwa neExurbia Mafirimu eT-shirt iri kutengeswa iyo inonzi yaityora zvikwangwani zvayo zveThe Texas Chainsaw Massacre.

CafePress, iyo yakatanga muna 1999, yaiva pakati pekutanga kudhinda-on-demand operations;iyo bhizinesi modhi yakapararira pakati pe2000s pamwe nekukwira kwedhijitari kudhinda.Kare, vagadziri vaidhinda-dhizaini yakafanana pazvinhu zvakaita seT-shirts, nzira yakanyanyisa-yepamusoro iyo inowanzoda maodha akawanda kuti aite purofiti.Nekudhinda kwedhijitari, ingi inopfapfaidzwa pachinhu chacho pachayo, ichibvumira muchina mumwe kudhinda madhizaini akati wandei pazuva, zvichiita kuti dhizaini imwe chete iwane pundutso.

Indasitiri yakakurumidza kuunza ruzha.Zazzle, inodhinda-pane-inoda chikuva, yakatanga webhusaiti yayo muna 2005;makore matatu gare gare, yakanzi ndiyo yakanakisa bhizinesi modhi neTechCrunch.Redbubble yakauya muna 2006, ichiteverwa nevamwe vakaita saTeeChip, TeePublic, uye SunFrog.Nhasi, nzvimbo idzodzo mbiru dzeindasitiri yepasi rose inoita mabhiriyoni emadhora, ine mitsetse yezvigadzirwa kubva kumaT-shirts nemahoodies kusvika kune zvipfeko zvemukati, mapepa, magi, midziyo yemumba, mabhegi ekumashure, mawozi, mabhandi omumaoko, uye kunyange zvishongo.

Mazhinji makambani anodhinda-pane-anodiwa akabatanidzwa zvizere ecommerce mapuratifomu, achibvumira vagadziri kuti vatarise zviri nyore kushandisa zvitoro zvewebhu-zvakafanana nemapeji evashandisi paEtsy kana Amazon.Mamwe mapuratifomu, akadai seGearLaunch, anobvumira vagadziri kuti vashandise mapeji pasi pemazita akasarudzika uye kubatanidza neanozivikanwa ecommerce masevhisi akadai seShopify, uku vachipa zvekushambadzira uye zvekushandisa maturusi, kugadzira, kuendesa, uye basa revatengi.

Kufanana neakawanda ekutanga, makambani anodhinda-pane-anoda anowanzo pfeka iwo munificent techno-marketing clichés.SunFrog i "nharaunda" yevanyori nevatengi, uko vashanyi vanogona kutenga "yekugadzira uye dhizaini yakasarudzika sezvauri."Redbubble inozvitsanangura se "musika wepasirese, une yakasarudzika, yepakutanga art inopihwa kutengeswa nevanotyisa, vakazvimiririra maartist pazvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro."

Asi chirevo chekushambadzira chinotsausa pane izvo vamwe vane kodzero nemagweta ezvivakwa zvehungwaru vanotenda kuti ibwe repakona remhando yebhizinesi: kutengesa kwemanyepo.Masayiti anobvumira vashandisi kurodha chero magadzirirwo avanoda;pamasaiti makuru, kurodha kunogona kuverenga makumi ezviuru zuva nezuva.Iwo mawebhusaiti haana chisungo chekuongorora dhizaini kunze kwekunge mumwe munhu ataura kuti mazwi kana mufananidzo unotyora kodzero kana trademark.Chirevo chimwe nechimwe chakadaro chinowanzobatanidza kuisa chiziviso chakasiyana.Vatsoropodzi vanoti zvinokurudzira kutyorwa kwekodzero, uchiziva uye usingazivi.

"Indasitiri yakura zvakanyanya zvekuti, kukanganisa kwakawedzera," anodaro Imhoff, mumiriri werezinesi.Munguva pfupi yapfuura sa2010, anoti, "print-on-demand yaive nemusika mudiki, rakanga risiri dambudziko rakawanda.Asi yakakura nokukurumidza [zvokuti] yabva mumaoko.”

Imhoff anoti internet inotsvaga zvinhu zvakaita se “Texas Chainsaw Massacre T-shirt” inowanzo ratidza magadzirirwo anotyora kodzero dzeExurbia uye zviratidzo.Izvo zvinoshandura kusimbiswa kwekodzero kuita "mutambo usingaperi wewhack-a-mole" kune vane kodzero, vamiririri, uye makambani ezvigadzirwa zvevatengi, anodaro.

"Zvaimboitika kuti waibuda wonotsvaka kukanganisa muchitoro chimwe chete muzvitoro zvemuno, saka waibata mutengi wavo wenyika zvobva zvaita," Imhoff anodaro."Zvino kune mamirioni evatengesi vakazvimiririra vanogadzira zvinhu zuva rega rega."

Pane mari yakawanda inobatanidzwa.Redbubble, iyo yakatanga kuAustralia stock exchange muna 2016, yakaudza vanoisa mari muna Chikunguru 2019 kuti yakafambisa kutengeserana kunosvika madhora mazana matatu nemakumi maviri nemasere mumwedzi gumi nemiviri yapfuura.Iyo kambani inobata musika wepasi rose wepamhepo wezvipfeko uye zvepamba gore rino pamadhora mazana maviri nemakumi masere emadhora.Pamusoro peSunFrog, muna 2017, yakaburitsa madhora zana nemakumi mashanu emamiriyoni emari, sekureva kwedare redzimhosva.Zazzle akaudza CNBC kuti inofungidzira madhora mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emamiriyoni emari mu2015.

Kwete izvo zvese zvinotengeswa zvinoratidza kukanganisa, hongu.Asi Scott Burroughs, gweta rehunyanzvi muLos Angeles uyo akamiririra vagadziri vakazvimiririra vakazvimiririra mumasutu vachipesana nemakambani anodhinda-pane-vanoda, anotenda zvakawanda, kana zvisiri zvizhinji, zvemukati zvinoita kunge zviri kutyora.Mark Lemley, director weStanford Law School Programme in Law, Science, and Technology, anoti ongororo yaBurroughs inogona kunge iri yechokwadi asi fungidziro dzakadaro dzinoomeswa ne“kushingairira kutaurwa nevane kodzero, kunyanya kudivi rechiratidzo.”

Nekuda kweizvozvo, kusimuka kwekudhinda-pane-kuda kwaunzawo mafungu ematare edzimhosva nevaridzi vekodzero kubva kune vakazvimiririra graphic artists kusvika kune emarudzi akawanda.

Mari yekudhinda-pane-inoda makambani inogona kukwira.Muna 2017, vakuru vepaHarley-Davidson vakacherekedza magadzirirwo anopfuura zana ane zviratidzo zvemugadziri wemidhudhudhu — senge malogo ayo ane mukurumbira eBar & Shield naWillie G. Skull — pawebhusaiti yeSunFrog.Zvinoenderana nedare redzimhosva kuEastern District yeWisconsin, Harley akatumira SunFrog zvichemo zvinopfuura makumi manomwe zvezvinhu "zvinodarika mazana masere" izvo zvaityora zviratidzo zveHarley.Muna Kubvumbi 2018, mutongi akapa Harley-Davidson madhora miriyoni gumi nepfumbamwe - muripo mukuru wekutyora mutemo kusvika parizvino - uye akarambidza SunFrog kutengesa zvinhu zvine Harley trademark.Mutongi wedunhu reUS JP Stadtmueller akatsiura SunFrog nekusaita zvakawanda kuporisa saiti yayo."SunFrog inoteterera kusaziva igere pamusoro pegomo rezviwanikwa zvinogona kuisirwa kugadzira tekinoroji inoshanda, maitiro ekuongorora, kana kudzidziswa kwaizobatsira kurwisa kukanganisa," akanyora kudaro.

Muvambi weSunFrog Josh Kent anoti zvinhu zvisina kufanira zveHarley zvakabva "kunge hafu yevana gumi nevaviri muVietnam" vaive varodha madhizaini."Havana kuwana scratch pavari."Kent haana kupindura kune zvikumbiro zvekuwedzera kutaura nezvesarudzo yeHarley.

Mhosva yakafanana yakamhan'arwa muna 2016 ine mukana wakakosha.Gore iroro, muimbi wekuCalifornia Greg Young akamhan’arira Zazzle kuUS District Court, achiti vashandisi veZazzle vakaisa nekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvine basa rake rekodzero pasina mvumo, Zazzle haana kuramba.Mutongi akaona kuti DMCA yakadzivirira Zazzle kubva pamhosva yezvayaisa pachezvayo asi akati Zazzle inogona kuramba ichimhan'arirwa kukuvadza nekuda kwebasa rayo mukugadzira nekutengesa zvinhu.Kusiyana nemisika yepamhepo yakadai seAmazon kana eBay, mutongi akanyora, "Zazzle inogadzira zvigadzirwa."

Zazzle akakwidza nyaya yake, asi muna Mbudzi dare redzimhosva rakabvuma kuti Zazzle anogona kupihwa mhosva, uye Young achawana mari inodarika mazana mashanu emadhora.Zazzle haina kupindura kune zvikumbiro zvekutaura.

Mutongo iwoyo, kana ukadaro, unogona kukanganisa indasitiri.Eric Goldman, purofesa paSanta Clara University Chikoro cheMutemo, akanyora kuti danho raizobvumira varidzi vekodzero "kubata Zazzle seATM" yavo.Mubvunzurudzo, Goldman anoti kana matare akaramba achitonga nenzira iyi, indasitiri yekudhinda-inodiwa "inoparara.... Zvinogoneka kuti haigone kurarama nematambudziko emutemo. "

Kana zvasvika pakodzero yekodzero, basa remakambani anodhinda-pa-kuda kushandura mafaera edhijitari kuita zvigadzirwa zvemuviri anogona kuita mutsauko mumaziso emutemo, anodaro Lemley, wekuStanford.Kana makambani akaita nekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvakananga, anoti, vangasawana dziviriro yeDMCA, "zvisinei neruzivo uye zvisinei nematanho anonzwisisika avanotora kutora pasi zvinhu zvinotyora kana vaziva nezvazvo."

Asi izvo zvinogona kunge zvisiri izvo kana kugadzira kuchiitwa nemunhu wechitatu, achibvumira anodhinda-pane-anoda masaiti kuti azviti angori misika sezvakaita Amazon.Muna Kurume 2019, Dare reDunhu reUS kuSouthern District yeOhio rakawana Redbubble isingabhadharwe kutengesa zvinhu zvisina rezenisi zveOhio State University.Dare rakabvuma kuti zvigadzirwa, zvinosanganisira mashati nemanamira, zvinotyora zviratidzo zveOhio State.Yakaona kuti Redbubble yakafambisa kutengesa uye kuita kondirakiti yekudhinda nekutumira kune vadyidzani-uye zvinhu zvacho zvakaunzwa muRedbubble-branded packaging.Asi dare rakati Redbubble haikwanise kumhan'arirwa nekuti haina kugadzira kana kutengesa zvigadzirwa zvinotyora.Mumaziso emutongi, Redbubble yakangofambisa kutengesa pakati pevashandisi nevatengi uye haina kushanda se "mutengesi."Ohio State yakaramba kutaura pamusoro pemutongo;nharo pamusoro pekukwidzwa kwayo dzakarongwa neChina.

Corina Davis, mukuru wezvemitemo weRedbubble, anoramba kutaura nezvenyaya yeOhio State, asi anotsinhira zvaifungwa nedare mubvunzurudzo."Hatina mhosva yekukanganisa, nguva," anodaro.“Hatitengese chinhu.Hatigadzirise chero chinhu.

Mune 750-izwi yekutevera email, Davis akataura kuti anoziva kuti vamwe vashandisi veRedbubble vanoedza kushandisa chikuva kutengesa "zvakabiwa" zvinhu zvehungwaru.Mutemo wekambani iyi, akadaro, "hachisi chekuchengetedza vane kodzero dzakakura chete, ndezvekuchengetedza vese vakazvimiririra maartist kuti mumwe munhu aite mari nehunyanzvi hwavo hwakabiwa."Redbubble inoti haisi mutengesi, kunyangwe ichiwanzochengeta inosvika makumi masere muzana emari kubva mukutengesa panzvimbo yayo.

Goldman, mune blog post, akadana kukunda kweRedbubble "zvinoshamisa," nekuti kambani "yakashandura zvakanyanya" mashandiro ayo kunzvenga tsananguro yepamutemo yemutengesi."Pasina kupokana kwakadaro," akanyora kudaro, makambani anodhinda-pa-aida aizotarisana "nehuwandu husingagumi hwemitemo uye mutoro."

Burroughs, gweta reLos Angeles rinomiririra maartist, akanyora mukuwongorora kwemutongo wekuti pfungwa dzedare "dzinoratidza kuti chero kambani yepamhepo inoda kuita zvekutyora mutemo inogona kutengesa zviri pamutemo zvigadzirwa zvese zvayaishuvira moyo wayo chero inobhadhara mapato echitatu kugadzira uye kutumira chigadzirwa."

Mamwe makambani anodhinda-pane-anoda anoshandisa muenzaniso wakafanana.Thatcher Spring, CEO weGearLaunch, akadaro nezveRedbubble, "Vanoti vari kubhuroka hukama hwepamusoro neketani yekugovera, asi muchokwadi ndinofunga kuti vari kukurudzira kushungurudzwa kweIP."Asi Spring yakazobvuma kuti GearLaunch zvakare chibvumirano nevagadziri vechitatu-bato.“O, ndizvozvo.Isu hatisi varidzi venzvimbo dzekugadzira.

Kunyangwe sarudzo yeOhio State yakamira, inogona kukuvadza indasitiri.Sekutaura kunoita Kent, muvambi weSunFrog, “Kana maprinta aine mhosva, ndiani angada kudhinda?”

Amazon inotarisana nedare rakafanana maererano nemhosva yayo kune yakaremara imbwa leash yakagadzirwa nemushambadzi akazvimirira akapofumadza mutengi.Mhosva iyoyo inopokana nemusimboti wakachengetedza Redbubble: Ko musika, kunyangwe isiri "mutengesi," ingave nemhosva yezvigadzirwa zvenyama zvinotengeswa kuburikidza nesaiti yayo?Muna Chikunguru, dare revatongi vatatu vedare repamusoro reUS Third Circuit Court of Appeals rakapa mutongo wokuti nyaya yacho ienderere mberi;Amazon yakakwidza kudare rakakura revatongi, rakanzwa nyaya iyi mwedzi wapera.Aya masutu anogona kuumbazve ecommerce uye, zvakare, mitemo yekuve muridzi online.

Tichifunga nezvehuwandu hwevashandisi, huwandu hwekurodha, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvehungwaru pfuma, kunyangwe makambani anodhinda-pa-inoda anobvuma kuti kumwe kukanganisa hakudzivisike.Mune email, Davis, gurukota rezvemitemo reRedbubble, akazvidaidza kuti "nyaya ine musoro yeindasitiri."

Kambani yega yega inotora matanho ekuporisa papuratifomu yayo, kazhinji nekupa portal uko vane kodzero vanogona kufaira zviziviso zvekutyora;vanopawo zano vashandisi nezve njodzi yekutumira madhizaini asina kunyoreswa.GearLaunch yakaburitsa blog yakanzi "Maitiro Ekuti Usaende Kujeri reCopyright uye Uchiri Kupfuma."

GearLaunch neSunFrog vanoti tsigiro yavo yekushandisa software yekuziva mifananidzo kutsvaga magadzirirwo anogona kukanganisa.Asi Kent anoti SunFrog inoronga software yayo kuti ingoziva mamwe madhizaini, nekuti, anoti, yakadhura zvakanyanya kuongorora mamirioni ekurodha.Uyezve, akati, "Tekinoroji haina kunaka."Hapana kambani yaizoburitsa saizi yechikwata chayo chekuteerera.

Redbubble's Davis anoti kambani inomisa kurodha zuva nezuva mushandisi "kudzivirira kurodha zvemukati pamwero."Anoti Redbubble's Marketplace Integrity timu - yaakatsanangura parunhare se "yakaonda" - inopomerwa muchikamu "kuenderera mberi kwekuona uye kubviswa kwemaakaundi asiri pamutemo akagadzirwa ne bots," ayo anogona kugadzira maakaunti uye akawanda-kurodha zvemukati otomatiki.Chikwata chimwe chete ichocho, Davis akadaro mune email, zvakare inobata nekukwesha zvemukati, kusaina kurwisa, uye "hunyengeri."

Davis anoti Redbubble inosarudza kusashandisa yakajairwa mufananidzo-inocherechedzwa software, kunyangwe iyo inotsigira Teepublic inodaro."Ini ndinofunga pane pfungwa isiriyo" yekuti software inoenderana nemufananidzo "igadziriso yemashiripiti," akanyora mune email, achitaura kusakwana kwetekinoroji uye huwandu hwemifananidzo uye misiyano "inogadzirwa miniti yega yega."(Redbubble's 2018 investor mharidzo inofungidzira vashandisi vayo 280,000 vakarodha miriyoni gumi nenomwe akasiyana magadzirirwo gore iroro.) Nekuti software haigone kugadzirisa dambudziko "kusvika patiri kuda," akanyora, Redbubble iri kuyedza yayo suite yezvishandiso, kusanganisira chirongwa icho inotarisa mifananidzo ichangobva kurodha inopesana nemifananidzo yayo yese database.Redbubble inotarisira kuburitsa aya maficha gare gare gore rino.

Mune email, mumiriri weBay anoti kambani iyi inoshandisa "maturusi ekuona akaomesesa, kusimbisa uye hukama hwakasimba nevaridzi vemhando" kupurisa saiti yayo.Kambani iyi inoti chirongwa chayo chekudzivirira kutyora mutemo chevaridzi vakavimbiswa chine vanhu zviuru makumi mana.Mumwe mumiriri weAmazon akataura mari inodarika mamirioni mazana mana emadhora mukudyara kurwisa hutsotsi, kusanganisira yekunyepedzera, pamwe nemapurogiramu ekubatana kwemhando dzakagadzirirwa kuderedza kukanganisa.Hofisi yezvekutaurirana yeEtsy yakadzoreredza mibvunzo kumushumo wekambani ichangoburwa pachena, uko kambani inoti yakamisa kupinda kune anopfuura zviuru mazana mana ezvinyorwa muna 400,000, zvichikwira makumi manomwe neshanu muzana kubva pagore rapfuura.TeeChip inoti yakadyara mamirioni emadhora kubatsira kuona kukanganisa, uye inoisa dhizaini yega yega kuburikidza ne "yakasimba yekuongorora maitiro" kusanganisira yekuongorora mameseji uye muchina-wekudzidza-inogonesa yekuona mifananidzo software.

Mune imwe email, Davis akataura mamwe matambudziko.Vane kodzero vanowanzokumbira kubvisa zvinhu zvakadzivirirwa zviri pamutemo, separody, anodaro.Vamwe vanodzvanya zvisina musoro zvinodiwa: Mumwe akabvunza Redbubble kuvharira izwi rekutsvaga "murume."

"Hazvigone chete kuziva kodzero dzese dzekodzero kana chiratidzo chiripo uye chichavapo," akadaro Davis mune email, asi "kwete vese vane kodzero vanobata kuchengetedza IP yavo nenzira imwechete."Vamwe vanoda zero kushivirira, akadaro, asi vamwe vanofunga kuti magadzirirwo, kunyangwe akakanganisa, anoburitsa kudiwa kwakawanda."Mune dzimwe nguva," akadaro Davis, "vane kodzero vakauya kwatiri nechiziviso chekubvisa uye muimbi obva aisa chiziviso chekupikisa, uye ane kodzero anodzoka ndokuti, 'Chaizvoizvo, isu tine mhosva nazvo.Zvisiye.'”

Matambudziko anogadzira izvo Goldman, purofesa weSanta Clara, anodana "zvisingagoneki tarisiro" yekutevedzera."Unogona kupa munhu wese basa pasi rese nekutarisa zvigadziriso izvi, uye hazvisati zvakwana," akadaro Goldman mubvunzurudzo.

Kent anoti kuomarara uye mhosva dzakasundidzira SunFrog kure nekudhinda-pakuda kuenda ku "nzvimbo yakachengeteka, inofanotaurwa."Iyo kambani yakambozvitsanangura seyakadhindwa T-shirt mugadziri muUS.Ikozvino, Kent anoti SunFrog iri kutevera kudyidzana nemhando dzinozivikanwa, dzakadai seDiscovery Channel's Shark Week."Shark Week haisi kuzokanganisa chero munhu," anodaro.

Redbubble, zvakare, yakanyora "zvemukati kudyidzana" sechinangwa mune yayo 2018 shareholder mharidzo.Nhasi chirongwa chayo chekudyidzana chinosanganisira 59 mhando, kunyanya kubva kuindasitiri yevaraidzo.Zvichangobva kuwedzerwa zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvine rezinesi kubva kuUniversal Studios, zvinosanganisira Jaws, Back to the Future, uye Shaun weVakafa.

Vane kodzero vanoti mutoro wavo - kuziva zvigadzirwa zvinotyora uye kuronda kwazvinobva - urikudawo."Iri ibasa renguva yakazara," akadaro Burroughs, gweta rinomiririra maartist.Imhoff, mumiriri weTexas Chainsaw rezinesi, anoti basa iri rakanyanya kuomera kune vane kodzero vadiki kusvika pakati, vakaita seExurbia.

Kutevedzwa kwechiratidzo kunonyanya kudiwa.Varidzi vekodzero vanogona kusimbisa kodzero dzavo zvakasimba kana zvisina kusimba sezvavanoona zvakakodzera, asi vane kodzero vanofanira kuratidza kuti vanogara vachisimbisa zviratidzo zvavo.Kana vatengi vasisadyidzanise chiratidzo nechiratidzo, mucherechedzo unova wakasiyana.(Escalator, parafini, tepi yevhidhiyo, trampoline, uye flip runhare zvese zvakarasa zviratidzo zvavo nenzira iyi.)

Zviratidziro zveExurbia zvinosanganisira kodzero dzeanopfuura makumi maviri emazwi mamakisi uye marogo eTexas Chainsaw Massacre uye villain yayo, Leatherface.Zhizha rapfuura, basa rekuchengetedza kodzero dzayo dzekodzero nezviratidzo — kutsvaga kakawanda, kuona, kunyora, kuronda makambani asingazivikanwe, kubvunza magweta, uye kuendesa zviziviso kune vanoita webhusaiti, yakatambanudza zviwanikwa zvekambani kusvika Cassidy akaunza vashandi vatatu vekondirakiti, vachiwedzera huwandu. vashandi kusvika masere.

Asi vakarova muganho wavo apo Cassidy akaona kuti mazhinji emasaiti matsva aitengesa knockoffs aive akavakirwa mhiri kwemakungwa uye hazvigoneke kuteedzera.Kutyorwa kweCopyright muAsia hachisi chinhu chitsva, asi vanoshanda mhiri kwemakungwa vakaisawo shopu paUS-based print-on-demand mapuratifomu.Mazhinji emapeji nemapoka Exurbia akawana achisundidzira pasocial media ads ekudhinda-pane-inoda knockoffs gore rapfuura akateedzerwa kune vanoshanda muAsia.

Peji yekutanga yeFacebook Cassidy yakaferefetwa, Hocus naPocus naChill, ine 36,000 inoda, uye pane yayo yakajeka peji ine 30 vashandisi vari muVietnam;boka rakarega kushambadza munguva yapfuura.

Cassidy aifungidzira kuti vazhinji vevatengesi ava vaishandirwa mhiri kwemakungwa, nekuti aisakwanisa kuvatsvaga kupuratifomu yevabereki kana nzvimbo yekutumira.Mapeji emutemo neakavanzika aive nemavara echibatiso.Zviziviso zvekubvisa hazvina kuitika.Nharembozha, maemail, uye ISP lookups zvese zvakarova magumo.Mamwe mapeji aiti kero dzeUS, asi tsamba dzekumira-uye-kuramba dzakatumirwa netsamba dzakasimbiswa dzakadzokororwa dzakamaka kudzoka-kune-sender, zvichiratidza kuti kero idzi dzaive dzenhema.

Saka Cassidy akatenga hembe dzeChainsaw nekadhi rake rekubhengi, achifunga kuti aigona kutora kero kubva kubhengi rake.Zvinhu zvakasvika mushure memavhiki mashoma;zvinyorwa zvake zvebhangi zvakati mazhinji emakambani aive muVietnam.Mamwe mashoko airatidza magumo.Mhosva dzaive dzakanyorwa kumakambani asina kujairika ane kero dzeUS - mupi weMidwestern beer hops, semuenzaniso.Cassidy akafonera makambani, asi ivo vaive vasina rekodhi yekutengeserana uye havana kuziva zvaaitaura nezvazvo.Haasati azvinzwisisa.

Muna Nyamavhuvhu, Sahad akange aneta akasvika kuRedbubble achibvunza ruzivo nezve chibvumirano chemubatanidzwa.Musi wa4 Mbudzi, pachikumbiro cheRedbubble, Exurbia yakatumira email dhizaini, chiratidzo chekutengeserana uye ruzivo rwekodzero, ID yekodzero, uye tsamba yemvumo.Exurbia yakakumbirawo mushumo wezvese zviziviso zvekubvisa zvekutyora Chainsaw zvinhu zvakagamuchirwa neRedbubble mumakore apfuura.

Mukufona kwakatevera uye maemail, vamiriri veRedbubble vakapa chibvumirano chekugovana mari.Kupihwa kwekutanga, mugwaro rakaongororwa neWIRED, kwaisanganisira 6 muzana yemitero kuExurbia pane fan art uye gumi muzana pane zviri pamutemo zvinotengeswa.(Imhoff anoti chiyero cheindasitiri chiri pakati pe12 ne15 muzana.) Exurbia yakanga isingade."Vakaita mari kubva pazvinhu zvedu zvehungwaru kwemakore, uye vanofanirwa kuzvigadzirisa," anodaro Cassidy."Asi vanga vasiri kuuya newallet yavo panze."

"Unogona kupa munhu wese basa pasi rese nekuongorora madhizaini aya uye hazvikwane."

Musi wa19 Zvita, Exurbia yakaendesa 277 zviziviso zvitsva kuRedbubble uye mazuva mana gare gare yakaisa zana nemakumi matatu nembiri nerutsigiro rwayo, TeePublic, yemaT-shirts, mapepa, uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa.Zvinhu zvacho zvakabviswa.Musi wa8 Ndira, Exurbia yakatumira imwe email, yakaongororwa neWIRED, ichidaidza nyaya nyowani dzekutyorwa, iyo Sahad yakanyora nescreenshots, spreadsheet, uye mitsva yekutsvaga kubva pazuva iro.Tsvakiridzo yeRedbubble, semuenzaniso, yakanga yadzosa mhinduro 252 dze“Texas Chainsaw Massacre” uye 549 dze“Leatherface”.Tsvakiridzo yeTeePublic yakaratidza mazana ezvimwe zvinhu.

Musi waKukadzi 18, Redbubble yakatumira Exurbia mushumo wezvese zviziviso zvekubvisa zveChainsaw zvayakanga yawana, uye kukosha kwekutengesa kwezvinhu zveChainsaw zvakaonekwa naSahad muzviziviso zvekubvisa kubva munaKurume 2019. Exurbia haina kuburitsa nhamba yekutengesa, asi Cassidy akati yaive maererano nefungidziro yake.

Mushure mekunge WIRED yabvunza neRedbubble nezve nhaurirano neExurbia, Gweta reRedbubble mumba rakaudza Exurbia kuti kambani iyi yaifunga nezvesarudzo dzekugadzirisa kutengesa kuri kutyora.Mativi maviri anoti nhaurirano dziri kuenderera mberi.Cassidy ane tariro.Anoti, “Ndivo voga vari kushanda nesimba."Zvatinotenda."

Saka, iyi modhi inogona sei kushanduka pasina kupfupisa varidzi veIP kana kusimudza indasitiri ine zvakawanda zvekupa?Tinoda here DMCA itsva-uye imwe yezviratidzo?Pane chichachinja pasina mitemo mitsva here?

Indasitiri yemimhanzi inogona kupa zano.Kare pamberi peNapster, indasitiri yakatarisana nedambudziko rakafanana neremari: Nemimhanzi yakawandisa inoridzwa munzvimbo dzakawanda, maartist anofanira kuwana sei kodzero yavo?Mapoka ekupihwa marezenisi akadai seASCAP akapinda mukati, akatanga zvibvumirano zvakakura zvekugovanisa mari kune zvikwereti zvebroka.Vanyori vanobhadhara ASCAP mubhadharo wenguva imwe chete yekubatana, uye vatepfenyuri, mabara, uye makirabhu ehusiku vanobhadhara mari yegore negore inovasunungura kubva pakunyora uye kushuma rwiyo rwese.Masangano anoongorora masaisai nemakirabhu, kuita masvomhu, uye kugovera mari.Munguva pfupi yapfuura, masevhisi akadai se iTunes uye Spotify akatsiva iyo Wild West faira-yekugovera musika, kugovera mari nevatambi vanobvumirana.

Kune indasitiri yakakura uye yakasiyana zvakanyanya kupfuura bhizinesi remimhanzi, hazvizove nyore.VaGoldman vanoti vamwe vane kodzero vanogona kunge vasingade kuita zvibvumirano;pakati peavo vanoda kujoina, vamwe vangangoda kuchengetedza mamwe magadzirirwo, izvo zvakaenzana neEagles vetting every cover band inoda kuridza Hotel California."Kana indasitiri ikafamba nenzira iyoyo," akadaro Goldman, "ichange isinganyanyi kusimba uye inodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura zvayave ikozvino."

Redbubble's Davis anoti "zvakakosha kuti misika nevatengesi, vane kodzero, maartist, nezvimwe kuti vese vave kudivi rimwe retafura."David Imhoff anobvuma kuti rezinesi modhi ipfungwa inonakidza, asi anonetsekana nezve kutonga kwemhando."Ma brand anofanirwa kuchengetedza chimiro chavo, kuvimbika kwavo," akadaro."Parizvino iyi funnel yemukati inouya nenzira dzese haigoneke."

Uye ndipo panonzi maartist, magweta, matare, makambani, uye vane kodzero vanoita sevanowirirana.Kuti pakupedzisira, basa rinoita serichadonha neakanyanya mukurumbira shanduko-averse indasitiri yavo vese: hurumende yemubatanidzwa.

Yakagadziridzwa, 3-24-20, 12pm ET: Chinyorwa ichi chakagadziridzwa kuti chijekese kuti "proactive enforcement" hachisi chikamu chechibvumirano chemubatanidzwa chemhando pakati peExurbia neRedbubble.

WIRED ndipo panoonekwa mangwana.Ndiko kwakakosha kunobva ruzivo uye pfungwa dzinoita pfungwa yepasi rinogara richichinja.Hurukuro yeWIRED inovhenekera kuti tekinoroji iri kushandura sei mativi ese ehupenyu hwedu-kubva kutsika kuenda kubhizinesi, sainzi kuenda kukugadzira.Iko kubudirira uye hunyanzvi hwatinofumura hunotungamira kune nzira nyowani dzekufunga, kubatana kutsva, uye maindasitiri matsva.

© 2020 Condé Nast.Kodzero dzese dzakachengetwa.Kushandiswa kwesaiti ino kunosanganisira kugamuchirwa kweChibvumirano chedu cheMushandisi (chakagadziridzwa 1/1/20) uye Chakavanzika Policy uye Cookie Statement (yakagadziridzwa 1/1/20) uye Yako California Yakavanzika Kodzero.Usatengese Yangu Ruzivo Rwangu Wired inogona kuwana chikamu chekutengesa kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvinotengwa kuburikidza nesaiti yedu sechikamu cheAffiliate Partnerships nevatengesi.Zvinhu zviri pasaiti ino hazvigone kudhindwa, kugovaniswa, kufambiswa, kuchengetwa kana kushandiswa neimwe nzira, kunze kwekunge yambopihwa mvumo yakanyorwa naCondé Nast.Ad Sarudzo